The need
The Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) Target 5 calls for countries to ensure the sustainable, safe, and legal use, harvest, and trade of wild species while minimizing impacts on ecosystems and reducing pathogen spillover risks. Despite its importance, Target 5 remains one of the least defined targets within the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Monitoring Framework, with existing indicators focusing primarily on fisheries and failing to adequately address terrestrial wildlife, customary use, ecosystem impacts, and public health considerations.
To address these gaps, an international group of researchers, conservation organizations, and policy experts collaborated to develop a complementary binary indicator for Target 5. The indicator was co-designed through expert workshops, consultations with Parties during CBD COP16, and contributions from multiple institutions and networks working on biodiversity governance and sustainable wildlife management.
Duration
Ongoing
Locations
Global
What we’re doing
This project supports the co-development, refinement, and pilot testing of the complementary binary indicator for CBD GBF Target 5. The goal is to evaluate whether the complementary indicator can be applied consistently, efficiently and reliably across different national contexts, strengthening biodiversity monitoring overall and informing future CBD national reporting processes.
Working with international experts, government representatives, and conservation organizations, we are:
1
Developing and refining the indicator methodology through expert consultation and international collaboration.
2
Assessing whether countries have legal and policy frameworks to prevent overexploitation and reduce impacts on ecosystems and non-target species.
3
Evaluating national monitoring systems related to wildlife use, harvesting, trade, and pathogen spillover risks.
4
Testing the feasibility and reliability of the indicator across different governance and legal systems.
5
Supporting future integration of the indicator into CBD national reporting and biodiversity monitoring frameworks.
The team
The Target 5 complementary indicator was jointly developed by the Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF), the University of Oxford, the Trade, Development & the Environment Hub (TradeHUB), and the Conservation & Sustainability Consortium of Academic Institutions (CASCADE).
Leadership
Hani Rocha El Bizri
Project Lead
Featured work
Supporters
This initiative is supported by the Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme and TradeHUB. The SWM Programme is funded by the European Union with co-funding from the French Global Environmental Facility (FFEM) and the French Development Agency (AFD).
